Gee, you ask a lot of questions all at once! It is nice that you are so curious.
I'll answer a few of them, and maybe other scientists can chime in as well.
Stars come in several colors, hot stars are blue-ish, and cool stars are reddish. The Sun is middle of the road, it is really white, but when seen against the atmosphere low in the horizon it looks red or orange, because molecules in the the atmosphere scatter blue photons from the Sun away from your line of sight, and let the red light through.
I have never traveled in space, although it would be fun
Isabel